A adyo wakuda ndi mtundu wa adyo womwe umachokera ku kuwola ndi kukalamba kwa adyo watsopano. Chithandizo cha adyo watsopano kuti apange adyo wakuda chimachitika pamalo otentha kwambiri ndi kutentha kwambiri kuyambira 40 ° C mpaka 60°C kwa pafupifupi masiku khumi.
Ndi mikhalidwe iyi, adyo amayamba msanga ndipo amatembenuka kuchokera oyera kukhala amdima / akuda. Ili ndi mavitamini ndi michere yambiri monga manganese, Vitamini C, Vitamini B6, Selenium, Vitamini B1, phosphorous, mkuwa ndi calcium.
Adyo wakuda wophika wakhala chakudya chokoma chotchuka kwa zaka mazana ambiri ku Thailand, South Korea, komanso Japan koma mayiko ena monga Taiwan, adachilandira kalekale, makamaka m'malesitilanti komanso malo odyera kwambiri. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonjezera kununkhira kwa zakudya zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza nyama kuphatikiza mchere, ndipo imawerengedwa ngati chakudya chabwino chifukwa cha antioxidant yake.
Kuphatikiza pa kukonza kakomedwe ka chakudya, zina zamtundu wakuda zomwe zimapindulitsa zimaphatikizapo kuchepa thupi, kuwongolera thanzi la khungu ndi chitetezo champhamvu chamafuta. Mutha kugula adyo yakuda yovundikira mumtundu wakuda wa adyo wakuda, mipira yakuda ya adyo wakuda kapena msuzi wakuda wa adyo.
Garlic yakuda imakhala ndi anti-yotupa yomwe imakwaniritsa pakuchepa NO ndi pro-yotupa yopanga cytokine yopangidwa ndi LPS-yoyambitsa RAW264.7 maselo. Kukula kwa adyo gawo la hexane cell cell ndi ICAM-1 ndi VCAM-1 pamawu a TNF-α-activated endometrial stromal cell mthupi lanu.
Imaletsanso, ma leukotrienes, ma cytokines omwe amatulutsa zotupa komanso zochitika za COX-2 ndi 5-lipooxygenase m'maselo a RAW264.7 a LPS. Zotsatira zake, kutupa kumayamba kuchepa kwambiri kapena kumalephereka kuti kuchitike.
Pankhani ya oxidative ntchito, adyo wakuda amakhala ndi phenols ndi flavonoids, onse omwe amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakugwira ntchito kwa Nrf2. Maupikisano osiyanasiyana omwe amaperekedwa ndi adyo amathandizira kuchuluka kwa mRNA mu ma enzymes a antioxidant ngati HO-1, NQO1, ndi GST. Zophatikizira, zomwe zimaphatikizapo zotulutsidwa za tetrahydro-β-carboline, N-fructosyl glutamate, N-fructosyl arginine allixin ndi selenium, akwaniritse izi kudzera mwa kutsegulira kwa Nrf2.
Monga tafotokozera kale, adyo wakuda amapangidwa kuchokera ku adyo watsopano ndikuwotcha owoterawa m'malo otetezedwa mwamphamvu. Malo azikhala otentha kwambiri (okhala ndi chinyezi 80 mpaka 90%) komanso otentha 40 °C kuti 60 °C. Pa nthawi yonseyi, mitundu yosiyanasiyana imapangika chifukwa cha zomwe Maillard adachita.
Ndi nthawi, adyo oyera oyera omwe amakhala oyera amapita khungu lakuda. Amapanganso fungo lokoma kwambiri, manyumwa, kununkhira kwa basamu, kapangidwe kake ka chewy komanso fungo lapadera.
Kutalika kwa kayendedwe ka mankhwalawa kumasiyanasiyana kuchokera kwa opanga wina kupita kwina koma nthawi zambiri amapanga masiku anayi mpaka XNUMX. Izi zimatengera chikhalidwe ndi zomwe opanga amakonda komanso zomwe akufuna kuti azithira adyo wakuda.
Komabe, malinga ndi zomwe kafukufuku wina wapeza, masiku 21 ndi abwino pamene chithandizo cha adyo chikuchitidwa pachinyezi cha 90% komanso kutentha kwa 70 60 °C. Malinga ndi kafukufukuyu, momwe zinthu ziliri komanso nthawi yomwe mankhwalawo amathandizira amakulitsa mphamvu za antioxidant pazomwe zimachitika, motero zipatso zabwino zakuda zomwe zimapezeka.
Pali zambiri adyo wakuda amachotsa phindu, Kuphatikizapo:
Zotsatira za kafukufuku wina wamphaka zidawonetsa kuti adyo wakuda amatha kuchepa kwambiri thupi, kukula kwamafuta am'mimba ndi mafuta am'mimba. Ichi chinali chisonyezo champhamvu cha adyo wakuda kuwonda maubwino pakati pa anthu.
Umboniwo umathandizidwa ndi kafukufuku waposachedwa yemwe akuwonetsa kuti kuphatikiza adyo wakuda kumatha kukonza luso lanu loyaka la kalori. Izi zitha kukuthandizani kuti muchepetse thupi mwachangu kuti mukhale ndi thanzi komanso thanzi labwino.
Chifukwa chake, ngati mukunenepa kapena mukungofuna kuchepetsa kunenepa, lingalirani kutaya mphamvu yakanenepa kwambiri ya adyo.
Madyedwe akuda akuda pakhungu ndi chifukwa chakupezeka kwa S- allylcysteine pa adyo. Pawuniyi imapangitsa adyo kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosavuta kuti apereke khungu lanu ndi thupi lanu lonse kutetezedwa kumatenda.
Chimodzi mwamaubwino amtundu wakuda wa pakhungu ndi kupewa ziphuphu ndi ziphuphu. Ziphuphu ndi khungu la bakiteriya lodziwika ndi zolakwika ndipo zopumphuka ngati ziphuphu pakhungu lanu. Ziphuphu zimachitika chifukwa chokwiyitsa komanso kupweteka kwa tsitsi lanu.
Chifukwa cha antibacterial, chifukwa cha allicin, adyo wakuda amapha mabakiteriya oyambitsa ziphuphu. Kuphatikiza apo, mphamvu yake yotsutsa-kutupa imathandizira kuchepetsa kutupa ndi kutupa komwe kumayenderana ndi ziphuphu.
Kafukufuku wosiyanasiyana wasayansi akuwonetsa kuti adyo wakuda amathandizira kusintha cholesterol mwa anthu omwe akuvutika kwambiri ndi cholesterol yambiri. Amachulukitsa lipoproteins yapamwamba kwambiri (HDL), cholesterol yabwino mwa munthu. Kafukufuku ena akuti amatsitsanso kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yoyipa ndi ma triglycerides ambiri.
Adyo wakuda amakhala ndi mankhwala a organosulfur, adyo wakuda amathandizanso mtsempha wamagazi kupuma. Kupuma kumeneku kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa magazi chifukwa magazi amakhala ndi malo ambiri otha kuyenda bwino.
Pakafukufuku wokhudza odwala 79 omwe ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, ofufuza adawona kuchepa kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa 11.8 mm mwa odwala omwe adamwa mapiritsi a adyo. Odwala awa adayikidwa pa regimen ya milungu iwiri ya mankhwala a adyo pomwe amamwa mapiritsi awiri kapena anayi akuda tsiku lililonse nthawi yonseyo.
Yodzaza ndi antioxidants, adyo wakuda amatha kupereka mpumulo waukulu. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti ma antioxidants amawongolera ma cell, motero amathandizira kuchepetsa kutupa. Kuphatikiza apo, ma antioxidants amatha kusuntha zopitilira muyeso mthupi lanu kuti muteteze maselo anu amthupi kupanikizika ndi okosijeni komwe kumawapweteka, motero kumabweretsa kutupa.
Mapindu abulosi akuda a tsitsi akhala akudziwika kwa anthu kuyambira nthawi imeneyo nthawi zakale. Masiku ano, mafuta akuda a adyo akupezeka m'masitolo ambiri azodzikongoletsera kuti apatse anthu omwe akufuna kukhalabe ndi thanzi labwino ndimapeto a adyo akuda. Mafuta amathandizira kukula kwa tsitsi latsopano, amaletsa tsitsi kutsika ndikuchepetsa kucheka kwa tsitsi mukamagwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse.
Adyo wakuda amapindulira tsinde la tsitsi chifukwa choti adyo amakhala anti-tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timatha kulimbana ndi mabakiteriya, ma virus, mafangasi, komanso majeremusi. Chifukwa chake, ngati mutayika mafuta adyo wakuda pachala chanu, chitha kupangitsa kuti chilengedwechi chizitha kupanga. Zotsatira zake, tsitsi lanu latsitsi ndi khungu lanu zimakula bwino.
Kuphatikiza apo, ma adyo akuda amapindulira tsitsi amatchedwa odana ndi yotupa zotsatira za adyo. Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta akuda a adyo pamutu panu kumatha kuchepetsa kutupa ndi kukwiya komwe kumatsagana ndikufulumizitsa kutayika kwa tsitsi nthawi zina.
Malinga ndi kafukufuku waku Japan wopangidwa mu 2007, kugwiritsa ntchito adyo wakuda kumatha kuchepetsa chotupa cha mbewa. Ofufuzawo akuganiza kuti izi zitha kuchitikanso kwa anthu. Izi zikugwirizana ndi kuwunika mwatsatanetsatane kwa International Journal of Preventive Medicine. Kuwunikaku kukuwonetsa kuti kudya kwa adyo wokalamba kumakhudzana kwambiri ndi kukula kwa khansa.
Komanso, kafukufuku wa vitro wopangidwa mu 2014 adanenanso kuti chotupitsa chakuda chakuda chakuda chitha kuchepetsa khansa yam'matumbo kukula kwa maselo komanso kuwononga maselo a khansa.
Thanzi lamtima Kusintha ndi chimodzi mwazabwino zodziwika bwino zakuda kwa adyo. Mu 2018 yachifaniziro chazinyama poyerekeza phindu lakuda kwa adyo wakuda ndi zovuta za adyo yaiwisi pa thanzi lamtima kwa munthu yemwe akuchira, ofufuzawo adazindikira kuti mitundu iwiri ya adyo imathandizanso kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa mtima.
Kupatula apo, chifukwa cha mphamvu yake yoletsa cholesterol, adyo wakuda wothira amathanso kuchepetsa chiwopsezo cha matenda a mtima.
Kuphatikiza apo, adyo wakuda amathanso kukumbukira kukumbukira, makamaka ngati mukuvutika ndi vuto la kuzindikira monga matenda a Parkinson, matenda a Alzheimer's kapena dementia. Ma antioxidants omwe alipo mu amatha kuchepetsa kutupa komwe kumayambitsa kapena kukhudzana ndi vutoli. Zotsatira zake, thanzi lanu laubongo limayenda bwino, ndikutha kukumbukira bwino.
Popeza zakuda zamtundu wakuda zimathandizira chitetezo cha mthupi, zimathandizanso ku:
Chifukwa cha Maillard momwe adyo watsopano amapitilira kukhala adyo wakuda, sizodabwitsa kuti mitundu iwiri ya adyo iyi ndi yosiyana, osati yanzeru mtundu, komanso kapangidwe kawo ndi kakomedwe ka mankhwala.
Kusintha kwa kununkhira kumathandizidwa makamaka ndikuchepetsa kwa ma fructans (fructose ndi glucose) mu adyo pokonza. Pamapeto pake, adyo wakumbuyo amathera kukhala ndi gawo lotsika la fructan kuposa adyo wosavomerezeka. Poganizira kuti ma fructans ndi omwe amapanga kukoma kwambiri, kuchepa kwawo, kumatanthauza kuti adyo wakuda sakhala wokoma kuposa watsopano.
Kukoma kwa adyo wakuda sikuli kolimba ngati kwa adyo watsopano; zoyambazo ndizokoma kwambiri, zam'mimba ndi zamankhwala. Komabe, izi zomaliza zimakhala zamphamvu komanso zoputa. Izi ndichifukwa choti adyo wakuda amakhala ndi zotsika za allicin. Pakukalamba, ma allicin mu adyo atsopano amasintha kukhala ma antioxidant mankhwala monga diallyl sulfide, ajoene, diallyl disulfide, diallyl trisulfide komanso dithiins.
Chifukwa cha kusintha kwa katundu wa physicochemical, adyo wakuda amakhala ndi zochitika zapamwamba, mwachitsanzo, katundu wa antioxidant, kuposa adyo watsopano. Maphatikizidwe omwe ali ndi adyo wakuda, monga S-allylcysteine (SAC) imagwira ntchito kwambiri poyerekeza ndi ena adyo watsopano.
Makamaka, utoto wakuda wa adyo ndiwopamwamba kwambiri pazophatikiza ndi mafuta, zopatsa mphamvu, CHIKWANGWANI ndi chitsulo ndi chitsulo poyerekeza adyo waiwisi. Kumbali inayo, adyo yaiwisi ali ndi mavitamini C apamwamba, carbs ndi allicin kuposa mawonekedwe adyo.
Kuti mukhale olondola, supuni ziwiri zaiwisi zosaphika zimakhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu 25, 3 mg sodium, 5.6 g chakudya, 1 g protein, 0.1 mafuta, 0.4 g zakudya zamafuta, 5.2 mg wa vitamini C, 30 mg calcium ndi 0.3 mg wachitsulo. Mosiyana ndi izi, mitundu yofanana ya adyo yakuda imakhala ndi ma calories 40, 4g carbs, 1g protein, 2g mafuta, 1g zakudya fiber, 160mg sodium, 0.64mg iron, 2.2mg Vitamini C ndi 20 milligrams calcium.
Chifukwa cha Maillard momwe adyo watsopano amapitilira kukhala adyo wakuda, sizodabwitsa kuti mitundu iwiri ya adyo iyi ndi yosiyana, osati yanzeru mtundu, komanso kapangidwe kawo ndi kakomedwe ka mankhwala.
Kusintha kwa kununkhira kumathandizidwa makamaka ndikuchepetsa kwa ma fructans (fructose ndi glucose) mu adyo pokonza. Pamapeto pake, adyo wakumbuyo amathera kukhala ndi gawo lotsika la fructan kuposa adyo wosavomerezeka. Poganizira kuti ma fructans ndi omwe amapanga kukoma kwambiri, kuchepa kwawo, kumatanthauza kuti adyo wakuda sakhala wokoma kuposa watsopano.
Kukoma kwa adyo wakuda sikuli kolimba ngati kwa adyo watsopano; zoyambazo ndizokoma kwambiri, zam'mimba ndi zamankhwala. Komabe, izi zomaliza zimakhala zamphamvu komanso zoputa. Izi ndichifukwa choti adyo wakuda amakhala ndi zotsika za allicin. Pakukalamba, ma allicin mu adyo atsopano amasintha kukhala ma antioxidant mankhwala monga diallyl sulfide, ajoene, diallyl disulfide, diallyl trisulfide komanso dithiins.
Chifukwa cha kusintha kwa katundu wa physicochemical, adyo wakuda amakhala ndi zochitika zapamwamba, mwachitsanzo, katundu wa antioxidant, kuposa adyo watsopano. Maphatikizidwe omwe ali ndi adyo wakuda, monga S-allylcysteine (SAC) imagwira ntchito kwambiri poyerekeza ndi ena adyo watsopano.
Makamaka, utoto wakuda wa adyo ndiwopamwamba kwambiri pazophatikiza ndi mafuta, zopatsa mphamvu, CHIKWANGWANI ndi chitsulo ndi chitsulo poyerekeza adyo waiwisi. Kumbali inayo, adyo yaiwisi ali ndi mavitamini C apamwamba, carbs ndi allicin kuposa mawonekedwe adyo.
Kuti mukhale olondola, supuni ziwiri zaiwisi zosaphika zimakhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu 25, 3 mg sodium, 5.6 g chakudya, 1 g protein, 0.1 mafuta, 0.4 g zakudya zamafuta, 5.2 mg wa vitamini C, 30 mg calcium ndi 0.3 mg wachitsulo. Mosiyana ndi izi, mitundu yofanana ya adyo yakuda imakhala ndi ma calories 40, 4g carbs, 1g protein, 2g mafuta, 1g zakudya fiber, 160mg sodium, 0.64mg iron, 2.2mg Vitamini C ndi 20 milligrams calcium.
Kaya mukufuna kutenga mipira yakuda ya adyo, wakuda wa adyo wakuda, kapena kirimu wakuda wakuda ndi ginger wodontha, ndikofunikira kuti mutsatire njira yomwe mwalimbikitsa. Momwe kuchuluka kwa adyo wakuda ndi chinthu chachilengedwe, kumatha kuyambitsa mavuto ena ngati mutamwa kwambiri.
pakuti adyo wakuda kuchotsa kupanga adyo wakuda kutulutsa msuzi kapena adyo wakuda kuti muthe kuwonjezera kapena kuwonjezera pa chakudya chanu, gwiritsani ntchito pang'ono 1/3 tsp ya ufa kamodzi patsiku. Mlingowu umagwiranso ntchito mukafuna kugwiritsa ntchito zakuda adyo wakuda ndi ginger wa bentong. Kupanda kutero mutha kutsatira zomwe dokotala wakupatsani.
Mukufuna kudziwa kuchuluka kwa adyo wakuda tsiku lililonse? Palibe umboni wa sayansi wotsimikizira ndendende kuchuluka kwa adyo wakudya tsiku. Komabe, maphunziro osiyanasiyana ndi kuwunika kwa ogwiritsa ntchito kumatsimikizira kuti Zidutswa 5-10 (ma clove) patsiku Ndimagulu abwino komanso otetezeka.
Ngati mukufuna kumwa mipira kapena mapiritsi akuda adyo, mlingo woyenera kwambiri ndi 200mg. Pankhani ya Black Garlic Tingafinye Tonic Golide, wotchuka wakuda adyo wachotsa madzi, mlingo woyenera ndi 70ml patsiku.
Kutulutsa adyo wakuda nthawi zambiri kumakhala kotetezeka kwambiri kuti anthu azidya komanso ngakhale apakhungu ntchito. Komabe, monga chowonjezera pakamwa, chitha zimayambitsa vuto la m'mimba, koma izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri. Chifukwa chake, ngati muli ndi vuto lakumimba kapena m'mimba, ndikofunikira kuti mufunsane ndi dokotala wanu musanatenge mankhwalawo kapena zowonjezera zowonjezera akuti akatswiri azakudya ku GoldBee.
Komanso, milingo ikuluikulu yamilomo yotulutsidwayo siyabwino kwa ana, pomwe kuyatsidwa kwamtunduwu kumatha kuwononga ngati pakhungu la mwana. Kugwiritsa ntchito pamutu kumathandizanso kukwiyitsa khungu pakachitika kwa mayi wapakati.
Monga adyo yaiwisi, udyo wakuda wa adyo umagwiritsidwa ntchito zofunikira zachifundo pomwe umawonjezeredwa m'mbale zosiyanasiyana zamafuta. Iwo kupumira kununkhira kwa chakudya.
Chifukwa cha zake antibacterial komanso anti-yotupa, Tingafinye timeneti timagwiritsa ntchito ngati zinthu zofunika kwambiri pazodzikongoletsa. Zinthu zodzikongoletsera zomwe zili ndi ichi ndizothandiza popewa ziphuphu zakumaso kapena kukonza thanzi la tsitsi, pakati pa zabwino zina.
Zowotcha zakuda zimathandizira chitetezo cha mthupi. Mwakutero, Tingafinye timene timagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zowonjezera zomwe zimathandiza anthu kuti asatenge matenda osiyanasiyana.
Adyo wakuda amatulutsa zowonjezera bwerani m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana kuphatikiza adyo wakuda wonunkhira, mipira yakuda ya adyo wakuda kapena msuzi wakuda wa adyo. Chimodzi mwazomwe amathandizira amapita ndi dzina la Black Garlic Extract Tonic Gold, womwe ndi msuzi wakuda wa adyo.
Chotulutsa chakuda chakuda ndi chida cha adyo wobiriwira wofiira. Ipezeka mu mawonekedwe a adyo wakuda amatulutsa ufa, adyo wakuda amatulutsa mipira kapena msuzi wakuda wa adyo. Zina mwazopeza zake ndizopewera chitetezo cha m'thupi, kupewa tsitsi, kuchepa kwa khungu komanso kusintha kamvekedwe ka thupi komanso kuwonda. Chotsitsiracho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo zaluso zapamwamba komanso ntchito yodzikongoletsa.
Nkhani ndi:
Dr. Liang
Co-founder, utsogoleri waukulu wa kampani; PhD inalandira kuchokera ku Yunivesite ya Fudan mu organic chemistry. Zoposa zaka zisanu ndi zinayi zokumana nazo zamagulu azachipatala. Zolemera zambiri pakuphatikizira zamagetsi, zamankhwala zamankhwala komanso kaphatikizidwe kazikhalidwe
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